Material composition of piezoelectric ceramics

Commonly used piezoelectric ceramics include barium titanate system, lead zirconate titanate binary system and ternary system composed of adding a third ABO3 (a represents divalent metal ions, B represents tetravalent metal ions or the sum of several ions is positive tetravalent) compounds to the binary system, such as Pb (Mn1 / 3Nb2 / 3) O3 and Pb (CO1 / 3Nb2 / 3) O3. If a fourth or more compounds are added to the ternary system, quaternary or multicomponent piezoelectric ceramics can be formed. In addition, there are also metaniobate piezoelectric ceramics, such as potassium sodium metaniobate (na0.5 · K0.5 · NbO3) and strontium barium metaniobate (Bax · sr1-x · Nb2O5). They do not contain toxic lead and are beneficial to environmental protection.